Drywall - Wikipedia. Drywall is delivered to a building site on a flatbed truck and unloaded with a forked material handler crane. The bulk drywall sheets are unloaded directly to upper floors via a window or exterior doorway. Drywall (also known as plasterboard, wallboard, gypsum panel, sheet rock, or gypsum board) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) with or without additives and normally pressed between a facer and a backer (typically thick sheets of paper). It is used to make interior walls and ceilings. It was made by layering plaster within four plies of wool felt paper. Sheets were 3. 6.

In 1. 91. 0 United States Gypsum Corporation bought Sackett Plaster Board Company and by 1. Sheetrock. An alternative to traditional wood or metal lath, it was a panel made up of compressed gypsum plaster board that was sometimes grooved or punched with holes to allow wet plaster to key into its surface. As it evolved, it was faced with paper impregnated with gypsum crystals that bonded with the applied facing layer of plaster. The raw gypsum, Ca. SO4. The plaster is mixed with fibre (typically paper and/or fibreglass), plasticizer, foaming agent, finely ground gypsum crystal as an accelerator, EDTA, starch or other chelate as a retarder, various additives that may decrease mildew and increase fire resistance, and wax emulsion or silanes for lower water absorption.

Terms Commonly used in Architecture and Interior Design ACCESS PANEL: A small metal or wood door flush with a wall or ceiling surface which provides a closure over. Drywall (also known as plasterboard, wallboard, gypsum panel, sheet rock, or gypsum board) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate with or without additives and.

The board is then formed by sandwiching a core of the wet mixture between two sheets of heavy paper or fibreglass mats. When the core sets it is then dried in a large drying chamber, and the sandwich becomes rigid and strong enough for use as a building material. Drying chambers typically use natural gas today. To dry 1 MSF (1,0. BTU (1,8. 50,0. 00 and 2,6.

J) is required. Organic dispersants/plasticisers are used so the slurry will flow during manufacture, and to reduce the water and hence the drying time. The sulphur is absorbed by powdered limestone in a process called flue- gas desulphurization (FGD), which produces a number of new substances. One is called . This is commonly used in drywall construction in the United States and elsewhere. Lengths up to 1. 2- feet (3. Common panel thicknesses are 1. Most plasterboard is made in 1.

How to Install Ceiling Drywall. Installing ceiling drywall is a very simple process, but can be slightly challenging when working alone. By making a few minor. When we first moved into this house, I had the exact same thing. It did take me forever and I kinda damaged the drywall underneath in a few places. Sheet rock replaced plaster as the go to wall material around the 1950s (give or take a few years in various regions). I wonder what innovation will some day replace.

Thicknesses of plasterboard available are 9. However four side chamfered drywall is not currently offered by major UK manufacturers for general use. Australia and New Zealand. Panels are commonly sold in 1. Sheets are usually secured to either a timber or cold formed steel frames anywhere from 1. Various companies, such as Boral and CSR, manufacture plasterboard under various brand names including Gyprock.

Construction techniques. In large- scale commercial construction, the work of installing and finishing drywall is often split between the drywall mechanics, or hangers, who install the wallboard, and the tapers and mudmen, or float crew, who finish the joints and cover the fastener heads with drywall compound. Depending on how significant the finish is to the customer the extra steps in the finish may or may not be necessary, though priming and painting of drywall is recommended in any location where it may be exposed to any wear. Small features such as holes for outlets and light switches are usually cut using a keyhole saw or a small high- speed bit in a rotary tool. Drywall is then fixed to the wall structure with nails or drywall screws and often glue. Drywall fasteners, also referred to as drywall clips or stops, are gaining popularity in both residential and commercial construction. Drywall fasteners are used for supporting interior drywall corners and replacing the non- structural wood or metal blocking that traditionally was used to install drywall.

Their function serves to save on material and labour expenses, to minimize call- backs due to truss uplift, to increase energy efficiency, and to make plumbing and electrical installation simpler. Drywall screws heads have a curved taper, which allows them to self- pilot and install rapidly without having to be punched through the paper cover. John Mayer Paradise Valley Album Download Rar there. When finished driving, these screws are recessed slightly into the drywall.

Screws for light- gauge steel framing have an acute point and finely spaced threads. If the steel framing is heavier than 2.

In some applications, the drywall may be attached to the wall with adhesives. This compound is also applied to any screw holes or defects. The compound is allowed to air dry then typically sanded smooth before painting. Alternatively, for a better finish, the entire wall may be given a 'skim coat', a thin layer (about 1 mm or 1/1.

Another similar skim coating is always done in a process called veneer plastering, although it is done slightly thicker (about 2 mm or 1/8 inch). Veneering uses a slightly different specialized setting compound (. This application uses blueboard, which has special treated paper to accelerate the setting of the gypsum plaster component. This setting has far less shrinkage than the air- dry compounds normally used in drywall, so it only requires one coat.

Blueboard also has square edges rather than the tapered- edge drywall boards. The tapered drywall boards are used to countersink the tape in taped jointing whereas the tape in veneer plastering is buried beneath a level surface. One coat veneer plaster over dry board is an intermediate style step between full multi- coat . Several builders' books state that thicker drywall reduces sound transmission, but engineering manuals recommend using multiple layers of drywall, sometimes of different thicknesses and glued together, or special types of drywall designed to reduce noise. Sound transmission class (STC) ratings can be increased from 3. Gypsum will soften with exposure to moisture, and eventually turn to a gooey paste with prolonged immersion, such as during a flood. During such incidents, some or all of the drywall in an entire building may need to be removed and replaced.

Furthermore, the paper facings and organic additives mixed with the gypsum core are food for mold. The porosity of the board—introduced during manufacturing to reduce the weight of the board, lowering construction time and transportation costs—enables water to rapidly reach the core through capillary action, where mold can grow inside.

Water that enters a room from overhead may cause ceiling drywall tape to separate from the ceiling as a result of the grooves immediately behind the tape where the drywall pieces meet becoming saturated. The drywall may also soften around the screws holding the drywall in place and with the aid of gravity, the weight of the water may cause the drywall to sag and eventually collapse, requiring replacement. Drywall's paper facings are edible to termites, which can eat the paper if they are infesting a wall cavity that is covered with drywall. This causes the painted surface to crumble to the touch, its paper backing material having been eaten. In addition to the necessity of patching the damaged surface and repainting, if enough of the paper has been eaten, the gypsum core can easily crack or crumble without it and the drywall must be removed and replaced. Complaints included foul odour, health effects, and corrosion of metal within the structure. This is caused by the emission of sulphurous gases.

The same drywall was sold in Asia without problems resulting. Volatile sulphur compounds, including hydrogen sulphide, have been detected as emissions from the imported drywall and may be linked to health problems.

These compounds are emitted from many different types of drywall. A number of lawsuits are underway in many jurisdictions, but many of the sheets of drywall are simply marked, . An investigation by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, CPSC, was underway in 2. The issue was resolved in 2. US. Fire resistance. As its chemical formula shows, gypsum contains chemically combined water (approximately 5. When gypsum panels are exposed to fire, heat is absorbed as a portion of the combined water is driven off as steam.

This chemical process is called calcination. The thermal energy that converts the water to steam is thus diverted and absorbed, keeping the opposite side of the gypsum panels cool as long as there is crystalline water left to be converted into steam or until the gypsum panel is breached. In the case of regular gypsum board, as the crystalline water is driven off, the reduction of volume within the gypsum core causes large cracks to form, eventually causing the panel to fail due to loss of structural integrity. This is similar to the cracking that can be observed in a dry lake or river bed. In its natural state, gypsum contains the water of crystallization bound in the form of hydrates. When exposed to heat or fire, this water is vaporized, over a range of temperatures from 8. This makes drywall an ablative material because as the hydrates sublime, a crumbly dust is left behind, which, along with the paper, is sacrificial.

Generally, the more layers of Type X drywall one adds, the more one increases the fire- resistance of the assembly, up to four hours for walls and three hours for ceilings. Type X is typically the material chosen to construct walls and ceilings that are required to have a fire- resistance rating. Fire testing of drywall assemblies for the purpose of expanding national catalogues, such as the National Building Code of Canada, Germany's Part 4 of DIN4. British cousin BS4. For example, the National Research Council of Canada routinely publishes such findings. Generally, exposure of drywall on a panel furnace removes the water and calcines the exposed drywall and also heats the studs and fasteners holding the drywall.

This typically results in deflection of the assembly towards the fire, as that is the location where the sublimation occurs, which weakens the assembly, due to the fire influence. Cosponsored tests result in code recognized designs with assigned fire- resistance ratings. The resulting designs become part of the code and are not limited to use by any one manufacturer.

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